Cell and gene therapies are at the frontline of advancement in personalized medicine, and they are also two overlapping fields in medical research. Gene and cell therapy aim to treat the underlying causes of both acquired and genetic disease.
Cell therapy
It is a process in which intact live cells are given to a patient through injection, graft, or implantation to relieve or eradicate a disease. It is always done by using cells to carry therapy through the body. Besides, it can also be achieved by restoring a set of cells impacted by a disease. Today, most cell therapies are based on using the patient’s cells. However, cell therapy is moving towards using other people’s cells on a patient for transplants.
Gene therapy
It is a situation of modifying, inactivating, or introducing new components to the genetic makeup of cells. When you alter the DNA present in a cell, the group of proteins encoded by that DNA is also altered. Gene therapy is essential since it can reduce the levels of dysfunctional proteins that may cause diseases. It also entails introducing DNA code required to produce or increase the level of proteins required for disease response.
Promising results of personalized medicine
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has already approved several genes and cell therapies for commercialization. A good example of cell therapy is immunotherapy, which is used in the treatment of cancer. Other therapies that are considered to be gene and cell therapy achieve their action by altering the genes in the specific cells. Furthermore, exciting progress has been made in personalized medicine towards achieving gene and cell therapy. It has also been boosted by advanced research in cell biology, genomics, and analytical technologies.
Significant trends in gene and cell therapy
Cell therapy is expected to advance from ex vivo to in vivo. Ex vivo is isolating cells from a patient, reprograming them, and then delivering them back to the patient. On the other hand, In vivo treatment entails directly delivering cell therapies to a recipient. It is done through delivering small molecules either by a reprograming cocktail or direct gene editing.
Besides, engineered cell therapy has a significant potential to expand beyond cancer treatment. Synthetic biology, engineering, and gene editing have also opened doors above allogeneic cell therapy. Although gene therapy is still an infant technology, it is presenting new patterns and breakthroughs in healthcare. Gene therapy offers a one-time treatment that may address some underlying genetic causes of cancer and severe genetic diseases. Finally, gene and cell therapy are becoming more distinct, and the treatment modalities are soon becoming more efficient.
It wouldn’t be surprising is sector players like Vivos Therapeutics Inc. came up with novel treatments in these fields within the coming years.
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